Determinación del factor de erosividad de la Iluvia (R) a partir de valores de precipitación diana en la Provincia de Loja

Abstract

As the human population increases, the needs of the population increase considerably, exerting an increasing pressure on the natural resources. Soil is one of the components of the environment that is strongly affected when proper management of natural resources is not practiced. There are many consequences of mismanagement that directly affect the soil; These include erosion, compacting, salinity, decreased fertility, etc., all of which can be encompassed in one: soil degradation. The knowledge of the erosion rate of a site is fundamental to decide the management and the most adequate soil conservation measures; For it, it is important to obtain reliable data about the process and the speed at which the soil is being lost. Water erosion is one of the most common types of erosion in the world and not in the province of Loja. Several researchers have determined that water erosion depends to a large extent on the rainfall (R) factor, which is determined from the maximum intensity for 30 minutes of duration (1 30). This intensity value is usually not available as tat, in which the present study aims to correlate the values ​​of 130 with the corresponding target precipitation values ​​in order to obtain correlation equations that allow the calculation of 1 3Q from A much more common fact: the target precipitation. Chapter I deals with erosion itself, its types, existing methods for quantifying it, and so on. In chapter II the precipitation will be discussed; Concept, types, meteorological devices and so on. Chapter III contains all about the Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), each of its factors will be detailed, but I will focus on the rainfall erosion factor (R) which is the subject of the present investigation, while in The remaining chapters will make an analysis of the data, calculations, results and finally come conclusions.