Extracción, aislamiento, caracterización y acividad biológica de metabolitos secundarios de clinopodium taxifolium (Kuth) Govaerts de la familia Lamiaceae, en la provincia de Loja

Abstract

Abstract: This phytochemical investigation Clinopodium taxifolium, allowed the isolation and caracterization of 6 compounds known as carvacrol (1), squalane (2), uvaol (3), a mixture of uvaol and erythrodiol (4), ursolic acid (5) and salvigenin (6). Their structures were identified and caracterized by spectroscopic methods NMR and GC-MS; and corroborated with literature. The essential oil of the leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation in two different periods and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. A total of 47 compounds (93.98%) for 2015 and 36 compounds (89.90%) for 2016 were identfied. The major constituents were carvacrol methyl ether (18.9-23.2%), carvacrol (13.8-16.3%), carvacryl acetate (11.4-4.8%). The antibacterial activities were determined by MIC. The hexane and methanol extracts exhibited activity only against Kleibsiella pneumoniae (250 and 500µg/mL) respectively; while AcOEt extract was inactive. The hypoglycemic activity was evaluated by the inhibit a-glucosidase enzime. The AcOEt extract showed strong inhibitory activity with IC50 24.88 ug/mL, however methanolic and hexanic extracts showed weak activity; The compound ursolic acid has a strong inhibitory activity with IC50 of 72,71µM.