Programa educativo para la modificación de los estilos de vida en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del Barrio Héroes del Cenepa

Abstract

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem; Healthy lifestyle, pharmacological adherence and diabetes education contribute to disease control. The objective was to develop an educational program for the modification of lifestyles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Heroes del Cenepa neighborhood, Loja. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 35 participants who were administered the DKQ-24 Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Test (adapted to Ecuador), and Morisky-Green Drug Adherence Scale. Pre-and post-intervention outcomes were compared with McNemar's test for dichotomous qualitative variables and Wilcoxon for composite variables.The results were dominated by women (57.1%), married (82.9%), higher education (60%), public employees (37.1%). After the program, pharmacological adherence was 65.71%, knowledge level 71.43%, adherence to the Mediterranean diet 71.43% and low level of physical activity was 60% and moderate 40%. It is concluded that the educational program developed was effective being statistically significant.