La incidencia del comercio internacional en la reducción de la desigualdad de ingresos, a nivel de organizaciones comerciales

Abstract

Abstract: In Latin America and the Caribbean, poverty has increased during the years 2000- 2010 by at least 35%, which is why this research analyzes the incidence of international trade income inequality in business organizations (MERCOSUR, CAN, NAFTA, ODECA, ASEAN, UDEAC, EU) during the period 1990- 2020. For this, within the methodology, the Gini index was used as a variable independent, and, to human capital, industrialization, unemployment, foreign investment direct, tariff rate and trade as dependent variables. From there it was used tests such as multicollinearity, fixed and random effects, Hausman test, heteroskedasticity, serial correlation and GLS to determine in which organizations they are variables more efficient to reduce income inequality. It is concluded that International trade is a very important factor to achieve the objective since intervenes in political decisions, business competitions, wages and growth economic, to achieve it; In this way, human capital and unemployment are the most relevant variables to reduce inequality in MERCOSUR countries,.