Determinantes en la oferta de financiamiento para las microempresas en Ecuador, enfoque en la provincia del Guayas cantón Guayaquil, en el periodo 2017-2022

Abstract

Abstract: This study focused on analyzing the factors that determine the supply of financing for microenterprises for which the economic and business dynamics have been explored of the Guayaquil canton, as the economic and financial center of Ecuador, presents a business diversity, with more than 90% of companies classified as microbusinesses. The business fabric is distributed in various sectors, such as commerce, construction and services, contributing significantly to economic growth and employment. The Research reveals that microenterprises represent an essential part of the structure business, with more than 93% participation, although their access to financing is less compared to medium and large companies. The preferences of the banks and cooperatives for retail credit, especially aimed at microenterprises in commerce and rural areas. The analysis of the influencing factors in the supply of financing reveals the crucial importance of the applicant's payment history, income and debt situation of the company, added to the diversity in gender, experience employment, age and training of financial officers that highlights the need to personalized approaches; In addition, the distribution of portfolios and delinquency rates by gender highlights notable disparities, pointing to the importance of specific strategies gender in the supply of financing. Together, these findings provide a foundation solid for the design of financial policies and strategies adapted to the characteristics particulars of microenterprises in Guayaquil, with the objective of promoting an environment conducive to its sustainable economic development.