Estandarización de PCR convencional para la genotipificación de bacterias productoras de BLEE

Abstract

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern worldwide, with evolutionary changes in bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae. These changes cause the development of bacterial defense mechanisms against antibiotics. One such mechanism invloves the production of enzymes, such as beta-lactamases, which inhibit the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. This limitation hinders the ability to provide timely and effective treatment to patients, which can lead to deaths. Several diagnostic methods have been developed for the identification of bacteria and the assessment of resistance, including phenotypic and molecular techniques such as PCR and genetic sequencing.These metodologies allow the detection and genotyping of bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases ( ESBL). With the aim of improving clinical diagnosis, the ESBL genotyping technique has been standardized using conventional PCR, evaluating genes such as blaCTXM, blaTEM and blaSHV. The validation of this technique was carried out through Sanger sequencing, confirming successful gene amplification in randomly select samples.