Deserción escolar en Básica Superior y Bachillerato desde el año lectivo 2020-2021 y diseño de una propuesta de retención estudiantil

Abstract

Abstract: Dropping out of school has a negative impact on the individual, society and the economics, therefore, studying the factors that affect school dropouts is important to understand the problem and develop effective solutions from prevention. He This research work was located in the Guapán Educational Unit of the canton Azogues, which had the participation of 138 students, 71 parents and 9 teachers at the Upper Basic and Baccalaureate levels for the 2023-2024 school year. He The objective of this study was to determine the factors that affect the school dropout of the students of the levels in question, for which a methodology was implemented quantitative with a non-experimental design, of descriptive and field scope, through the survey application. The information obtained was manually consolidated into tables and Excel graphs, organizing the factors into three types: socio-familial, school and institutional, with the purpose of facilitating descriptive statistical analysis. Finally I know achieved the fulfillment of the stated objective, identifying the main causes that cause this social problem, such as lack of money, mobility and child labor, factors that coincide with the report of the Ministry of Education (Primicias, 2023), and, in Ultimately, based on these results, a retention proposal was designed student with an emphasis on entrepreneurship.