Análisis de indicadores financieros y quiebra empresarial en las empresas del sector industrial cotizantes en la bolsa de valores de Quito

Abstract

Abstract:The objective of this work was to study the risk of bankruptcy in companies in the Industrial Sector of the Quito Stock Exchange. The financial data of 76 companies during the period 2017-2022, using the Altman Z-Score methodologies, Ohlson O-Score and Zmijewski X-Score. The results of the Ohlson O-Score and the Zmijewski XScore indicated a financially healthy sector, with more than 90% qualifying as healthy and more than 80% of companies, respectively. In contrast, the Altman Z-Score showed a sector at risk, with 57% of companies at risk of bankruptcy by 2022, evidencing a possible underestimation of this model. These findings allowed an approach to the reality of the sector and confirmed the usefulness of the models to analyze the risk of bankruptcy of companies and allowing the most significant financial variables to be identified. It is recommended to use them proactively and complementary with other types of analysis to avoid possible biases on the part of the models.