Disminución de las complicaciones neurológicas y etiología de la meningitis bacteriana tras la introducción de la vacuna antineumococo, antimeningoco y Haemophilus influenzae tipo b en preescolares

Abstract

Abstract: The following narrative review was based on investigating the reduction of complications neurological consequences of acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) and the etiological decrease after introduction of vaccines in preschoolers. Of the 24 studies with a population sample of 287,377 plus a global retrospective analysis; It was found that the main Acute neurological complications were: seizures (25%), decreased mental status consciousness (20.83%) and hydrocephalus (12.5%); while hearing loss (16, 67%) is a long-term consequence along with mortality in 54.16% of articles. Previously, the most common etiological agent was Haemophilus influenzae serotype b. (Hib), since the introduction of the vaccine in 1980, with the exception of some countries underdeveloped where there are peaks and variations of Hib, in general Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main etiological agent, followed by Neisseria meningitidis. Hence It is concluded, as there is no evidence before the vaccination period of complications neurological, no significant difference can be found; however, it has demonstrated the efficiency of vaccination to reduce etiological variants.