Prevalencia de la salud mental, capital psicológico y satisfacción laboral en trabajadores del sector público de la provincia de Pichincha de la ciudad de Quito durante al año 2023

Abstract

Abstract: It is essential for workers to be informed about the mental health issues they are exposed to, as this allows them to enhance their psychological capital and, consequently, achieve good job satisfaction. This study focused on analyzing the prevalence of mental health, psychological capital, and job satisfaction among Ecuadorian public sector workers in the province of Pichincha, specifically in the city of Quito, during the year 2023. The sample used consisted of 66 officials; a quantitative research approach was employed, with a nonexperimental type of research and a cross-sectional descriptive design. The instruments used were the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21), the psychological capital scale by Ponce and Yáber (2012), and the job satisfaction scale by Pérez and Fidalgo (1995). The results indicate that 33,3% exhibit symptoms of anxiety, with 9,0% at a mild level, 15,2% at a moderate level, 1,5% at a severe state, and 7,6% at an extremely severe state. Regarding stress, 24,2% show symptoms, with 12,1% at a mild level, 7,6% at a moderate level, and 4,5% at a severe state. Finally, depression is present in 15,2% of the participants, of which 6,1% are at a mild level, 6,1% at a moderate level, and 3,0% at an extremely severe state. The highest level of psychosocial capital was hope (32,36), followed by efficacy (32,29), resilience (30,91), and optimism (30,41), resulting in a total satisfaction score of 72,71. The results demonstrated that mental health influences work performance and productivity; psychological capital needs further development; extrinsic job satisfaction (salary and recognition) is the most representative, and the study may serve as a basis for future research.