Política pública orientada a la regularización de los derechos y obligaciones laborales de los trabajadores autónomos del cantón Machala, provincia de El Oro

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzes the situation of informal trade in the Machala canton, Ecuador, and the need for effective public policies to regularize and improve the working conditions of self-employed workers. It examines how labor informality in Machala, exacerbated by the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, negatively affects the quality of life of approximately 12,000 workers, who operate without access to basic labor rights or social benefits. Through a theoretical-practical approach, the thesis evaluates the effectiveness of the public policies implemented, such as formalization and registration, training, access to financing, and regulation of public space. The study reveals that the majority of informal sellers work in precarious conditions, with low income, long working hours and limited participation in development projects. Furthermore, it highlights the disconnection between current public policies and the real needs of informal workers, underscoring the urgency of a comprehensive approach involving all key actors, including local governments, non-governmental organizations and financial institutions. The research concludes that, to sustainably improve the living and working conditions of informal sellers, it is necessary to strengthen public policies through multisector collaboration, promoting formalization, access to social benefits, and inclusion in economic development. Finally, recommendations are offered to optimize current strategies and guarantee their long-term effectiveness, with the aim of generating a positive impact on the local economy and the quality of life of Machala's self-employed workers.