Estudio comparado entre opciones de bachillerato en Ecuador, 2011 y 2021

Abstract

Abstract: Educational public policies in Ecuador reflected in the legislation change with the demands and social circumstances. This research analyzed the modifications in the structure of the baccalaureate, comparing the regulations of 2011 and 2021, and determining its similarities and differences. Process tracing was applied, systematically examining the Support for the inclusion of baccalaureate options in the Organic Law of Education Intercultural, its effects on quality and the causes for its reform 10 years later. HE four baccalaureate options were identified that were transformed, the discussions about the elimination of the baccalaureate by specialties in 2011 citing a hyper specialization that reduces job opportunities; and its reintegration in 2021, recognizing the importance of adapting education to the diverse abilities of students. The data Officials showed limited learning gains and persistent socioeconomic gaps between 2012 and 2022. The teaching perspective was obtained on 3 baccalaureate options in a Colegio de Loja, who agree that there should be more study alternatives at this stage. Finally, it was found that the comprehensive reform of the baccalaureate will be implemented until 2025, for making it early to evaluate its repercussions.