Determinación de las propiedades físicas, composición química y evaluación de la actividad biológica y antioxidante del aceite esencial de Zingiber officinale.

Abstract

The essential oil Zingiber officinale was obtained by hydro distillation, the chemical composition of the oil was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and the flame ionization detector. The biological activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method and the antioxidant activity by two spectrophotometric methods ABTS+ and DPPH. Likewise, the physical properties of the essential oil were determined. We identified 41 compounds representing 98.65% of the essential oil, the most representative components were: Zingiberene (23.32%), Geraniol (10.26%), β- Sesquiphellandrene (8.03%), Camphene (7.41%), Neral (6.62) %), Curcumene (6.21%), E, E α-Farnesene (5.66). The density of the essential oil Zingiber officinale was 0.8846 g / cm3, the refractive index was 1.4847 and the optical activity was -12.109. The essential oil did not reveal antibacterial activity, but did show antifungal activity with a MIC of 1250 ug / mL against Candida albicans (ATCC 26555). The essential oil presented a strong antioxidant activity against the ABTS+ method reaching an IC50 of 1.47 mg / mL, and also for DPPH with IC50 of 11,425 mg / ml.