Estudio molecular de alelos nulos de los genes GSTM1 Y GSTT1 en población lojana

Abstract

The Glutathione S-transferases (GST) constitute one of the main detoxifying enzymes of xenobiotics and substances harmful to cells, protecting them from the products of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disorders, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, alteration in triglycerides, among others. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 members of the GST family present deletion polymorphisms or null alleles, with the consequent loss of enzymatic function, which could be related to cell damage by oxidizing agents, and chronic alterations. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of null alleles of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes in samples from the Loja population and to evaluate their relationship with biochemical, anthropometric parameters or metabolic alterations. A total of 399 samples were analyzed using multiplex PCR. The frequency of null alleles of GSTT1 and GSTM1 was 32.6% and 36.1%, respectively; and the combination of both null alleles was 12.3%. There was an association of the null allele of GSTT1 with the decrease in BMI, overweight - obesity and LDL levels, both individually and in a haplotype with GSTM1.