Establecimiento de un sistema autotrófico para la reproducción in vitro de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares del Sur de Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract:The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis increases the quality, health, vigor and development of micropropagated seedlings in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. For this reason, the search for new systems to obtain fungal structures and healthy plants is essential. Two autotrophic culture systems were compared for in vitro mycorrhization, using red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and uvilla (Physalis peruviana L.) seedlings. T. pratense showed thinning in the stem and plasmolysis in the leaves while P. peruviana adapted adequately to the autotrophic system. Two methods of direct inoculation of P. peruviana were evaluated, one with spores extracted from the soil and the other with root fragments. In the inoculation with spores, a colonization of less than 10% was obtained with only mycorrhizal hyphae, the possible causes of the lack of continuity of the colonization are the low viability and low number of spores used. The fragments of roots with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were inoculated in each experimental unit. P. peruviana presented a mycorrhizal colonization of less than 6%, however they were colonized by dark septate endophytes.