El fenómeno fake news en la red social Facebook. Estudio comparativo de las elecciones de Ecuador y España.

Abstract

This research focuses on the electoral processes of Ecuador and Spain held during the first four months of 2019 in order to characterize the disinformative phenomenon in both countries, and identify differences and similarities between them. In that context, 5085 Facebook posts from 15 fanpages identified as promoters of fake news in each country are studied. To meet the objectives of the research, the use of qualitative and quantitative methodologies applied to each of the contents found was determined. Among the main results of the investigation was that while the information of the Spanish fanpages have a high degree of prolixity and similar to the information of a media outlet; Ecuadorian fanpages take advantage of the country's momentary moments to reach users through burlesque content, the appearance of publications is not a priority as in the Spanish case. In both cases and using different strategies, the contents facilitate the credulity of the users against each reality.