Introducción de elementos fractales en los dispositivos pasivos de microondas

Abstract

Abstract: In this work, the fractal structures with their characteristics are described, which allow to reduce the physical measurements of the elements that depend on a wavelength. Fractal structures such as the Moore's curve and the Sierpinski's were used for the design and manufacture of passive microwave devices. It is reported about the analysis and design that is used for the 90°, 180° hybrid couplers and Wilkinson's divisor. Using mathematical and synthetic equations, devices with a conventional structure and a fractal structure were designed. In addition, with the ADS simulation software, the designs were simulated and optimized to operate in a 2.4 GHz band and to comply with the previously established specifications. Subsequently, the implementation and characterization of the prototypes was carried out, according to an analysis and evaluation of their S parameters through the vector network analyzer (VNA). Finally, a comparative analysis of the characteristics of devices manufactured with conventional structure with respect to those with fractal structure was carried out, obtaining the decrease in physical dimensions referred to initially.