Generación y caracterización de un biopolímero a partir del micelio fúngico de hongos cultivables (Ganodermasp, pleurotus ostreatus, y pycnoporus sanguineus) en sustratos de aserrín y cáscara de arroz

Abstract

Abstract: Environmental pollution lead to high interest in the development of more sustainable materials. Biopolymers based on fungal mycelium are the result of fungal growth on organic materials such as agricultural waste. For this reason, this research seeks to generate and characterize a biopolymer with characteristics of resistance and plasticity for different uses based on the mycelial growth of fungi from the Loja Province, such as Ganodermasp., Pycnoporus sanguineusand Pleurotus ostreatus, on agroindustrial wastes such as sawdust and rice husks. The results showed that, morphology, bending, hardness, heat transfer, acoustics, as well as their water absorption properties and combustion speed, can be adjusted by different types of substrate (sawdust and rice husk), and fungi species (Ganodermasp., Pycnoporus sanguineus and Pleurotus ostreatus). The most remarkable data are for heat transferof 0.2274 kWh, acoustic insulation of 8.35 db, water absorption 325.08 % and a combustion speed of 50 mm/min. This highlights this biopolymer as a sustainable product for applications from packaging to construction.