Aislamiento de hongos y bacterias que colonizan el tejido cortical de orquídeas epífitas tropicales del sur del Ecuador.

Abstract

Abstract: Orchidaceae constitutes one of the most diverse groups of vascular plants, due to the fact that they have developed a wide evolutionary potential for their adaptation, through mutualistic associations with fungi, bacteria and cyanobacteria. In this study, it was proposed to isolate in vitro, fungi and bacteria associated with the roots of orchids, in order to provide information that allows us to understand some of the interactions between these microorganisms, and serve as a basis for further studies. As a result, 17 fungal isolates and 6 bacterial isolates were obtained from 5 species of orchids, sampled in two locations in southern Ecuador. Five families of fungi belonging to Dermateaceae, Aspergillaceae, Herpotrichiellaceae, Nectriaceae and Polyporaceae were identified that clearly do not form a mycorrhizal association but that could be playing important roles in their interaction with orchids. Regarding bacteria, the Pseudomonadaceae family was mainly isolated, followed by Staphylococcaceae and Comamonadaceae, which play an important role in the synthesis of phytohormones and vitamins, which help to stimulate seed germination and the development of seedlings orchids.