Análisis de la influencia del gasto institucional de investigación e innovación en el empleo urbano del Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The continuous development in research and innovation of organizations is evident, it has generated a debate about its influence on the labor market. Some studies have been done, obtaining different effects on employability; however, in Ecuador there is little information that analyzes this relationship. It is proposed to assess the influence of expenditure on research and innovation on urban employment in Ecuador, through the implementation of an econometric model based on the theory of technological change. A multiple regression model is used with an estimate of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) for 2009 and 2014, it proposing an equation based on the demand of work increased with technology, where the variables Expenditure on Research and Development (GID), Expenditure on Innovation and Technology (GIT) are considered; so too, the factors of influence of the industrial sectors (i) and provinces (p). The results of the estimation with the best significance, corresponding to the data organized by (p), so in the final period the GID shows an influence of -0.001008 on EMP; while the GIT a 0.000601.