Factores de riesgo asociados a osteomielitis aguda en fracturas expuestas de tibia en la población adulta

Abstract

Abstract: Objective:To identify the main risk factors associated with the development of osteomyelitis in adult patients with diagnoses of exposed tibia fractures. Methods:This literature review included 7,300 patients studied in 13 articles that met the inclusion and selection criteria for diagnosis of exposed tibial fracture, age >17 years and development of post-traumatic fracture associated infections. Results:The predominant risk factor in the articles was mainly the degree of injury of the GA type-IIIB fracture (76.9%), followed by the degree of GA type-IIIA injury (61.5%) of the articles reviewed. Other factors found with lower prevalence were: use of external fixation (30.8%), time > 6 hours to start antibiotic therapy (30.8%), smoking (30.8%), diabetes mellitus (30.8%) , time > 24 hours for debridement (23.1%), location (15.4%) and age > 60 (15.4%) Conclusions:The main risk factors associated with the development of osteomyelitis after an exposed fracture of the tibia are clearly related to the degree of injury to the fracture according to the Gustillo and Anderson classification, with type GA-IIIB and type GA-IIIA being predominantly found. As well as in the late start of clinical-s urgical management and the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes and smoking.