Complicaciones perinatales y su relación con el sobrepeso durante el período de gestación

Abstract

Abstract: Being overweight is an important risk factor before and during pregnancy because it influences the development of a good pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Objective:To identify the maternal and fetal perinatal complications associated with pre-pregnancy overweight. Methodology:A bibliographic review of scientific articles found in databases such as Pubmed, Elsevier Scopus, BioMed and Google Scholar was carried out. This search was done in both Spanish and English, with a five-year limit. Counting with a total of 20 studies that fulfilled the objective of the research work. Results:The relationship of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight with maternal and fetal perinatal complications had a statistically significant association, which was demonstrated in the 20 articles analyzed from countries such as the United States, China, India, Slovakia, Brazil, Guatemala, Peru, Mexico, Sweden, Cuba and Ecuador. Conclusions:Pre-pregnancy overweight is associated with a higher risk of maternal-fetal complications. These complications include pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, macrosomia, and cesarean section, which could be reduced by insisting on changing nutritional habits and lifestyle for overweight or obese women planning pregnancy.