Variabilidad dietética en una población escolar con obesidad y sobrepeso y diseño de un plan de intervención educativo nutricional en el Barrio El Panecillo-Loja

Abstract

Abstract:2 Abstract Background: The global prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children has increased dramatically. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge that caregivers of children with overweight and obesity have in relation to dietary diversity and how this knowledge is modified through the nutritional guide "MyPlate" Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. It was carried out in three stages: 1st Determination of basal dietary variability 2nd Educational intervention based on the nutritional guide "MyPlate" and the physical activity recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2018 3. After thirty days the dietary variability was measured again. Our sample field consisted of 60 obese and overweighted children between 5 and 10 years old, all of them residents of the El Panecillo-Loja neighborhood. Results: The mean individual dietary variability before intervention was 8.4 and the post intervention turned out to be 9.8, with a p value <0.001. The level of post-intervention knowledge about the 2018 WHO physical activity recommendations increased to 100% from a baseline of 36.7%, with a p value <0.001. Conclusions: Our research has allowed to spread awareness and knowledge of the "MyPlate" Plan, which led to a self-efficiency to choose and prepare healthy meals.