Minería y daño ambiental. Relación entre explotación de metales y minerales y el deterioro ambiental

Abstract

Abstract: This study empirically evaluated the relationship of mining activity, energy, foreign direct investmentand human capital towards CO2 emissions, which was divided into groups by type of economic income for a better analysis of their behavior, however, Due to lack of data, we worked with upper-middle-income and high-income groups, for the South American casein the period 1992-2019. As a methodology, a random effects data panel model was used and the results of which allowed to conclude that the hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (CKA) is not fulfilled between the extractivist activity and CO2 emissions for South America, as well as for the fossil energy consumption and energy production by oil, gas and coal sources, however, for foreign direct investment and human capital if the Environmental Kuznets Curve (CKA) is fulfilled. Therefore, following the main objective of the research, it was shown that ultimately the exploitation of metals and minerals does have a significant effect on CO2 emissions.