Competitividad Internacional: el rol del capital humano y la complejidad económica, periodo 2006 - 2017

Abstract

Abstract: This research focuses on analyzing the factors that contribute to explain international competitiveness, such as: human capital, economic complexity and labor productivity. To do this, the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (MCGF) method and the causality test are used in a panel of data from 85 countries globally, over a 12-year period (2006- 2017). Given the number of countries in the study, they have been divided into groups according to their income level, based on the Atlas method of the World Bank. Among the main results, the MCGF method has been able to determine that there is a direct relationship between international competitiveness and the study variables, for all countries, except for low-income countries. On the other hand, after the causality test, the role played by human capital and economic complexity for international competitiveness can be highlighted. The policy implications derived from these results suggest that they should promote investment in R&D, involve productive systems that generate knowledge spillovers, to achieve a more complex processes, which, in turn, allow a greater competitiveness.