Evaluación de diferentes tratamientos para la inducción de callos de cascarilla (Cinchona officinalis L.) utilizando dos tipos de explantes.

Abstract

Abstract:Cinchona officinalis L., a native species of Loja, belongs to one of the most important genera of medicinal value. Cinchona is a species threatened by overexploitation, due to a low germination rate and difficulty of in vivo propagation. The present work was developed with the purpose of generating biotechnological processes suitable for micropropagation at the callus induction phase, through leaf shoots and explants. The explants were grown in solid M&S culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins and cytokinins: AIA 0.0; 2.0 mg/l; BAP 0.0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0 mg/l; 2,4-D 0.0; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 mg/l. At 110 days, callus formation was evidenced in treatment 2 (2,5mg/l2,4-D + 0,5mg/l BAP) 90% with and treatment 1(2,0mg/l 2,4-D + 0,1mg/l BAP) with 75% being considered the best protocols for callus induction by leaf explants, in subsequent investigations can be used for cell culture purposes; the shoots formed direct organogenesis, a strategy that can be used for the massive multiplication of plants in vitro for reforestation purposes.