Las teorías estructurales y los movimientos sociales en América Latina. Una mirada alos repertorios de protestas de las crisis sociales de Ecuador (2019) y Colombia (2021)

Abstract

Abstract:In recent decades, Latin America has been dominated by the analysis from the perspective of the New Social Movements (NMS) theory, whose postulate, roughly speaking, is that the expression and action of contemporary social movements in this region of the planet should no longer be studied from the archetypal material questions, but rather from collective identities and cultural patterns that, in this sense, have emerged. The objective of this research is to demonstrate that, although the class ideology has faded and, indeed, emerging identities have emerged, structural theories, based on economics and political sociology, are still fully valid to explain the repertoires of protest of social movements in Latin America.To this end, the social crises of Ecuador (2019) and Colombia (2021) are analyzed. Several shared patterns and realities are identified, which show that the protest repertoires of social actors are still deeply rooted in denouncing and changing their material situation which, in the case of most of the Latin American population, is precarious.