Citotoxicidad y mecanismo de muerte inducido por extractos obtenidos a partir de hongos endémicos del Ecuador sobre líneas celulares tumorales humanas

Abstract

Abstract:Nowadays, despite the great medicine advances, cancer therapy is limited by the low efficacy of chemotherapy drugs which bring with them a wide variety of adverse effects such as toxicity and drug resistance. Thus, the study of new active ingredients that are more efficient and came from natural sources (plants, fungi, etc.) is essential. Since ancient times, mankind has used wild mushrooms as medicinal resources and as part of the diet, capturing researchers attention, especially for their nutritional and therapeutic properties, including their antiproliferative activity. In this research, cytotoxic activity of seven fungal extracts on RKO, HCT-116 and SW613-B3 cell lines, was analyzed. Of all extracts, the one of ethyl acetate, isolated from Suillus luteus species, was the most active on the three cell lines after 48 hours of exposure, showing a reduction in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, RKO cell line, after being exposed to the most active extract, presented a significant increase in p53 expression, plus caspase 3 activation and inactivation of PARP-1, concluding that the aforementioned extract has proapoptotic activity.