Análisis de la migración y mercado laboral ecuatoriano antes durante y pos COVID 1

Abstract

Abstract: The labor market is conceived as a social institution, made up of drivers that influence the relationship between labor supply and demand. However, over the years, many economies, particularly Ecuador, have faced various challenges related to migration conditions generated as a result of a destructured labor market. This is due to multiple causes associated with economic, social, political, and environmental factors; and even more so after experiencing a global COVID-19 pandemic. From this context, the main objective of this study is to analyze emigration and the Ecuadorian labor market before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, a descriptive methodology with a quantitative approach was used, which allowed us to collect relevant information on the historical and current behavior of the labor market and emigration from secondary official sources, such as the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). The main findings show that the pandemic exacerbated pre-existing vulnerabilities in the Ecuadorian labor market, generating an increase in emigration rates, which highlighted the need to implement public policies focused on formalizing employment and retaining the Ecuadorian workforce.