Mapeo de sequías en la zona de América del Sur central usando datos de sensores remotos 2002-2003

Abstract

Abstract: The present research addresses the critical impact of drought on vegetation variability and pluviometric conditions in the central zone of South America, with emphasis on Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru during 2002 and 2003. Using geographic information systems and remote sensing data, drought mapping and the analysis of its distribution and evolution were conducted for each country s regions. This was achieved through MODIS images with the MOD13Q1 product, the application of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI). These tools enabled the assessment of vegetation cover status and the quantification of water deficits in affected areas. Extreme drought patterns were identified in key provinces and departments, such as Manabí, Guayas, and Cotopaxi in Ecuador; Piura and La Libertad in Peru; and Nariño and Boyacá in Colombia. The findings revealed significant patterns that underscore the importance of strengthening climate monitoring, implementing sustainable agricultural practices, and designing adaptive public policies to mitigate the effects of extreme weather events.