Aislamiento y caracterización de metabolitos secundarios del extracto etanólico de tallos de Cacosmia rugosa Kunth.

Abstract

Abstract: This titration work focuses on the study of Cacosmia rugosa Kunth, a plant from the Asteraceae family found in Ecuador and Peru. The objective was to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites present in the ethanolic extract of Cacosmia rugosa Kunth. For this study, 2 kg of Cacosmia rugosa Kunth stems were collected, washed, dried, and crushed before being macerated in ethanol. The extraction yield was 2.3%. Phytochemical assays were performed to identify and characterize the secondary metabolites present in the extract, highlighting tannins, steroids, and terpenes due to their high presence in the extract, while saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and quinones were less present. Additionally, thin-layer chromatography assays were performed using different solvents with varying polarities. Based on these results, flash chromatography was performed, yielding a total of 96 separations. These fractions were grouped after performing a thin-layer chromatography similarity analysis, yielding three main fractions. Of these, fraction 3 was subjected to a preparative plate scraping to remove the target portion, and infrared spectroscopy and 1H proton nuclear magnetic resonance analyses were performed. The results indicated that the compound present in fraction 3 displayed steroid-like characteristics.