Principios pedagógicos que sustentan la práctica docente en Educación Básica

Abstract

Abstract: This research paper, titled "Pedagogical Principles Supporting Teaching Practice in Basic Education," analyzes the essential pedagogical elements in the planning of pre-professional practices developed by students of the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL). A quantitative methodological approach was applied, based on the analysis of 10 lesson plans submitted by UTPL students during their professional practice process. The main findings reveal that 50% of the lesson plans lack complete informational data, which affects their proper structuring. Additionally, 60% of these plans do not adequately incorporate learning objectives. Furthermore, 80% of the evaluation criteria show structural flaws, making it difficult to track educational progress. These issues undermine the coherence and effectiveness of the teaching-learning process. The study concludes that improving micro-curricular design, fostering critical reflection, and training teachers in active methodologies like the ERCA model are essential. Implementing these improvements could ensure an inclusive, meaningful education aligned with fundamental pedagogical principles.