Determinación de la actividad biológica del aceite esencial de Siparuna aspera

Abstract

Abstract: Siparuna aspera is a type of tree called mejentsuna , it has uses in ancestral medicine which used its leaves for infusion because it gives an antipyretic effect, this plant belongs to the Siparunaceae family. In the present research, the biological activity of this species was determined, which includes antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity. The essential oil sample was obtained from the leaves of Siparuna aspera using the steam distillation technique. Once the vials with the EO sample were obtained, the chemical composition was identified by gas chromatography, the major compounds obtained were: Germacrene D (37.36 %), α-pinene (6.06 %), Ocimene (Z-B) (5.99 %), Tagetone Z (5.04 %), Valencene (3.97 %), Caryophyllene Z (3.34 %). The antimicrobial and antifungal activity was determined through the broth microdilution method using Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains, The results were determined by means of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in which the bacterial strains of Entrococcus faecium (1000 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (2000 µg/mL) have a low activity, while in the strain of Lysteria monocytogenesc (500 µg/mL) it can be affirmed that the EO has a moderate activity; In the strains of fungi and yeast, it was determined that it does not present antifungal activity because the MIC was not determined at the maximum concentration tested (4000 µg/mL). For the antioxidant activity used two different methods ABTS and DPPHA, by these methods a high antioxidant activity was demonstrated since a SC50 = 14.41 ± 0.54 was obtained in the ABTS method. A moderate acetylcholinesterase activity was found since the value obtained was 50 = 14.59 ± 1.0.