Variantes genéticas relacionadas con infarto agudo de miocardio en pacientes adultos jóvenes sin otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular

Abstract

Abstract: Myocardial infarction is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage and, in severe cases, death. Risk factors such as atherosclerosis and hypertension commonly contribute to the development of myocardial infarction; however, several genetic factors have also been linked to this condition. In this investigation, we examined the prevalent genetic variants associated with acute myocardial infarction in young adults. An exhaustive analysis of the scientific literature was performed to identify the frequent genetic mutations linked to this condition. Several genetic variants, including polymorphisms in genes related to lipid metabolism, blood coagulation and oxidative stress regulation, were found to be associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction in young adults, influencing individual susceptibility to atherosclerotic plaque formation and predisposition to plaque rupture, triggering cardiovascular events. These findings reinforce the relevance of genetic research in the identification of cardiovascular risks in young adults, and also underline the importance of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction, highlighting the need for personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in this specific population.