Desarrollo sostenible y métodos de compensación alternativos: una propuesta para las finanzas sostenibles de Ecuador.

Abstract

Abstract: Sustainable finance has emerged as a response to intensified environmental, social, and economic challenges, promoting sustainable development through the financial system. This research proposes a sustainable finance framework for Ecuador, aimed at channeling resources toward projects that promote multidimensional sustainable development in its economic, social, environmental, and political-institutional aspects. An alternative compensation mechanism is proposed, called the Ecuador Sustainable Thematic Collective Investment Fund (FITSE), oriented toward mobilizing capital into strategic sectors. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative analysis, applying an international comparative approach, review of best practices, and a multi-criteria evaluation based on Saaty's Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for which a pairwise comparison matrix was constructed with experts, considering criteria such as performance, feasibility, impact, risk, and liquidity. This approach allows for the hierarchization of compensation mechanisms and selection of the most suitable for the Ecuadorian context. The results demonstrate the high potential of thematic funds to transform the Ecuadorian financial system, aligning investments with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and favoring a conducive regulatory environment.