Análisis de las exportaciones tradicionales del Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The Ecuadorian economy relies heavily on traditional exports such as shrimp, coffee and bananas, since they are the main sources of income for the country. The main objective of the research is to determine the impact of traditional exports on the economic growth of Ecuador, in the period 1990-2023. A methodology with a mixed qualitative-quantitative, correlational approach was used; an econometric model of logarithms was built. Based on the analysis carried out, it is concluded that traditional exports have had a positive and significant impact on Ecuador's economic growth during the period 1990-2023. The empirical results reflect a structural correlation between the dynamism of the traditional export sector, mainly bananas, shrimp, cocoa and oil, and the performance of real GDP. This shows that these exports are not only a key source of foreign exchange, but also act as a source of economic activity, directly influencing the generation of employment, investment and value added. Therefore, the strengthening and modernization of this sector is essential to sustain economic growth in the country. It is also concluded that the gross domestic product (GDP) of Ecuador's main trading partners has a positive and significant impact on the performance of the country's traditional exports; likewise, it was identified that the real exchange rate plays a relevant role in external competitiveness, although its effect should be analyzed with caution given the dollarization of the Ecuadorian econ.