Análisis del fenómeno migratorio como determinante del nivel de empleo en el cantón Paltas, periodo 2017- 2024

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzes the migration phenomenon and its relationship with employment levels in the Paltas canton, Loja province, Ecuador. Using a mixed-method approach, qualitative and quantitative data were collected to identify the socioeconomic causes that motivate migration, such as family disintegration, lack of job opportunities, and precarious incomes. The study is theoretically based on Immanuel Wallerstein's world-systems approach, which helps understand how peripheral territories like Paltas are marginalized within the global economy, which influences the outflow of their populations to more dynamic centers. Through semi-structured interviews and the analysis of statistical data, it was evident that migration, rather than an option, has become a strategy for survival and social mobility. The findings offer valuable input for the formulation of public policies aimed at local development and the retention of human capital.