Adopción de auditoría externa y rentabilidad de las empresas y sociedades por acciones simplificadas, sector F y subsector F41-02 ene l Ecuador, periodos 2020_2023

Abstract

Abstract: The main objective was to analyze the adoption of external auditing and the profitability of companies and simplified joint-stock companies in the F sector and subsector F41-02 in Ecuador during the period 2020-2023. The research is descriptive, non-experimental. The database of the Superintendency of Securities Companies website was used, with a population of 45 companies, of which 22 met the essential requirements for calculating profitability indicators. A database was created with the sector and size of the companies, year of incorporation, external audit report, financial statements, type of opinion, and audit firms. To analyze the financial information, ROA, ROE, and ROS were calculated. The result was that audits do have a positive impact on companies that comply with the standard. They demonstrated better return on capital and efficient operational management, reaching a maximum ROA of 7% in 2020, an ROE of 54% in 2021, and a ROS of 91% in 2022. However, the profitability of companies that do not undergo audits shows a lower ability to convert sales into net profits, with an ROA of 1% in 2020, an ROE of 43%, and a ROS of 32% in 2022.