Maltrato y síntomas depresivos en adultos mayores: Revisión sistemática a partir de la experiencia práctica

Abstract

Abstract: This paper addresses the relationship between maltreatment and depressive symptoms in older adults from a threefold perspective: practical, theoretical, and clinical. Practical experience allowed for the identification, during the development of the community practicum, of a frequent pattern of depressive symptoms in older adults who were victims of neglect and family abuse, which motivated further investigation of the topic. Secondly, a systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, identifying 10 relevant studies from different regions of the world. The findings demonstrate a significant relationship between various forms of maltreatment and the presence of depressive symptoms, as well as the mediating role of social support. Finally, a simulated clinical case is presented that included: identification data, reason for consultation, psychological evaluation, and a proposed treatment plan. It illustrates how family abuse can lead to a major depressive episode, diagnosed and treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy adapted to older adults, with psychoeducational support for the family. This work aims to contribute to the understanding and prevention of abuse in older adults from a clinical and humanistic perspective.