Los factores asociados al desgaste en cuidadores formales en el centro norte de la ciudad de Quito; Provincia Pichincha, durante el año 2024

Abstract

Abstract: This study has analyzed the factors associated with strain in 30 formal caregivers from the central-northern sector of Quito, Pichincha Province, during 2024. The research was quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive. The Ad Hoc Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Zarit Burden Interview for Caregivers (2005), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL V), and the Empathic Distress Scale were applied to assess workload, emotional strain, and burnout. The results reveal that 43.4% of caregivers experience mild to intense workload, with a moderate impact on their well-being. Regarding emotional strain, 56.7% show moderate levels, while 43.3% present high vulnerability or limited self-care. Critical levels of burnout were identified in 86.7% of participants, with 76.7% showing high emotional exhaustion, 83.3% high empathic distress, and 76.7% high depersonalization; additionally, 53.3% reported low compassion satisfaction. The findings indicate a significant impact on the psychological health of caregivers, marked by workload, emotional strain, and severe burnout symptoms.