Eficacia de la terapia análisis de comportamiento aplicado (ABA) en el tratamiento de niños de edad preescolar con Trastorno del Espectro Autista: Revisión sistemática a partir de la experiencia práctica

Abstract

Abstract: The present work was developed from the interest arisen during clinical practice, where it became evident that psychological care centers lack a unified criterion regarding the most effective therapy to address Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Based on this, the following question was formulated: what is the effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy in the treatment of preschool children with ASD? In response, a systematic review of scientific articles was carried out in order to establish adequate parameters to assess the effectiveness of this technique. The findings indicated that ABA therapy generates significant advances, although its impact may vary according to factors such as parental involvement, combination with other therapies and the application of play approaches. Based on this, a simulated clinical case of a five-year-old girl with ASD symptomatology was developed, including identification data, history of the problem, assessment and a contextualized intervention plan. This work integrated theory and professional practice in an ethical and grounded therapeutic approach.