Contribución de los fundamentos didácticos en la planificación de las prácticas preprofesionales de la carrera de Educación Básica

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzes the disarticulation between the didactic foundations and the micro-curricular planning developed by students of the Basic Education career at the Technical University Particular of Loja during their pre-professional practices. This situation reveals a disconnection between the guidelines of the National Curriculum 2016, the theoretical training received, and its application in real contexts. The main objective was to describe all the foundations and activities that were in the planning, thus developing the capacities, skills, and knowledge of each student. The qualitative analysis study allowed us to conduct an in-depth analysis using analytical methods, utilizing matrices constructed from key dimensions: curricular, didactic-methodological, and evaluative. The sample was intentional, consisting of planning from the General Basic Education Media sub-level in the area of Mathematics. Additionally, the ATLAS TI program was used, where codes were created to encode and represent semantic networks. The results show a partially aligned planning with the constructivist approach and the ERCA model, although with weaknesses in pedagogical argumentation. In conclusion, it is necessary to put into practice reflection from different points of view, and it is necessary to strengthen the theoretical foundation in the planning process to ensure coherent and contextualized training.