Victimización por bullying escolar y niveles de autoestima en adolescentes: Revisión sistemática a partir de la experiencia práctica

Abstract

Abstract:This curricular integration project addresses the issue of bullying and its impact on adolescent self-esteem, identified from practical experiences in educational contexts with young people aged 12 to 18. The observation of cases of social isolation and poor academic performance in adolescents affected by bullying during practical training motivated the study. A systematic review was conducted to determine the relationship between victimization by school bullying and levels of self-esteem in this population. The main findings of quantitative studies showed a negative correlation, where victimization by bullying is associated with a decrease in self-esteem, and low self-esteem can increase the risk of victimization, as well as being linked to emotional problems such as anxiety and depression. Based on this evidence, a simulated clinical case was developed of a 15-year-old adolescent with low self-esteem and depressive symptoms associated with school bullying, which included assessment with instruments such as the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a proposal for cognitive-behavioral intervention. This study integrates theory, professional practice, and scientific evidence, promoting a solid, evidence-based clinical approach.