Habilidades psicoterapéuticas para potenciar la adherencia al tratamiento psicológico: Revisión sistemática a partir de la experiencia práctica

Abstract

Abstract:This study addresses the issue of adherence to psychological treatment, observed during practical experiences with adolescents, adult women, and older adults in clinical, community, and educational contexts. Given the frequent interruption of therapeutic processes, a systematic review was conducted to identify psychotherapeutic skills that promote treatment continuity. The reviewed studies highlighted the importance of skills such as building a strong therapeutic alliance, adapted psychoeducation, technical flexibility, and reinforcement of self efficacy. Based on these findings, a simulated clinical case was developed involving an adolescent with persistent depressive disorder and a history of therapy dropout. The proposed intervention included techniques from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, incorporating elements such as initial alliance-building, psychoeducation, and cognitive restructuring, which have been shown to enhance treatment adherence. This work integrated scientific evidence and clinical practice, promoting an ethical, evidence-based, and context-sensitive approach.