Dificultades en las áreas básicas del aprendizaje (lectura, escritura, matemáticas) y detección de los niveles de estrés cotidiano infantil en estudiantes de cuarto año de Educación General Básica (EGB) en instituciones educativas en la ciudad de Loja en el año 2025

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this research is to identify the difficulties in basic learning areas (reading, writing and mathematics) and the levels of children's daily stress in students in the fourth year of General Basic Education (EGB) in educational institutions in the city of Loja, during the year 2025. The study has a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional approach, with a sample of 60 students. Standardized instruments such as the PROESC, the PREDISCAL and the IECI inventory were applied to evaluate the different variables. The results show that 55% of the students present difficulties in writing processes, while 38.3% face severe difficulties in reading and mathematics. Likewise, a significant negative correlation was identified between children's daily stress and performance in writing (Rho = -0.364) and calculus (Rho = -0.261). These results highlight the need to implement psycho-pedagogical strategies that benefit the integral development and well-being of the student. This research contributes valuable information for families, teachers and institutions, promoting actions that improve the learning and well-being of children in the educational environment.