Evaluación de métodos alternativos de control de plagas en los cultivos de café (Coffea arabica) en el cantón Zaruma

Abstract

Abstract: The research evaluates pest control methods in coffee (Coffea arabica) crops in the Zaruma canton, Ecuador. The objective was to compare traditional and alternative methods of pest control, considering environmental, social and economic aspects through a mixed methodology of literature review and surveys applied by Google Form to 40 coffee producers. The data collected were analyzed statistically and interpreted qualitatively, revealing as a result that 50% of farmers rely mainly on synthetic chemical pesticides, with insecticides being the most used. Critical training deficiencies were also identified, with more than half lacking training in pesticide management. However, there is an emerging trend towards sustainable practices by farmers who do not use chemical pesticides and more than half are willing to adopt organic methods. It is concluded that there is a positive and significant trend among farmers who are open to a transition to more sustainable practices but training and technical support is recommended to effectively implement these alternatives.