Aplicación de inteligencia artificial para análisis de información médica relacionado a problemas cardiovasculares

Abstract

Abstract: In Ecuador, according to the STEPS survey conducted in 2018, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality. This survey identified that 19.8% of the population had hypertension. According to the Pan American Health Organization (2023), at least 17% had uncontrolled hypertension and 56.3% did not take any medication for high blood pressure. Given this health problem, the Ministry of Public Health prioritized the implementation of the HEARTS initiative in 2019, focusing on the prevention and control of high blood pressure to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD). A database with 53 variables and 1,384 personal records was initially analyzed. Once exploratory data analysis (EDA) was applied, the K-Means, Hierarchical, and DBSCAN algorithms were implemented to analyze the data and identify patterns based on the information acquired. These are assessed using the elbow method and the Silhouette coefficient to determine the number of people in the different groups (clusters) who represent this high cardiovascular risk index.