Contribución de los fundamentos didácticos en las prácticas preprofesionales de la carrera de Educación Básica

Abstract

Abstract: This research paper addresses the contribution of didactic foundations to the pre-professional practices of students in the Basic Education program at the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja. Its objective was to describe and analyze the microcurricular planning developed within the framework of Practicum 2, in order to assess the application of didactic principles in real-life teaching contexts. A qualitative methodology based on a descriptive phenomenological approach was used to conduct this study. Content analysis was applied to a purposive sample of curricula selected for their relevance. The results show that, while there is general alignment with the 2016 National Curriculum and the use of active pedagogical approaches is evident, some weaknesses were also identified. These include a lack of clear didactic justification, certain inconsistencies in the coherence between assessment elements, and a limited integration of inclusive strategies within the analyzed proposals. It is concluded that strengthening theoretical and practical training in didactic planning is key to improving the quality of basic education and ensuring more contextualized and reflective teaching practices.