Diseño de un sistema CCTV para brindar seguridad a lo largo de la carretera Loja- Catamayo basado en una red pasiva óptica desbalanceada

Abstract

Abstract: Road safety on the Loja Catamayo highway has been affected by the increase in incidents and criminal activity, highlighting the need to implement technological solutions that enable efficient and continuous monitoring. The objective of this work is to design a closed-circuit television (CCTV) system based on an unbalanced passive optical network (UPON), applying the engineering design methodology. The study began with a state-of-the-art review, which revealed the limited research on PON architectures applied to road environments, thereby justifying the relevance of the proposal. Technical requirements of the network were then established and the main external plant and transmission components were defined. The design considered a deployment of 36.18 km of optical fiber with 40 monitoring points and 60 cameras, validated through optical budget calculations and OptiSystem simulations, which confirmed the technical feasibility of the system without the need for intermediate active equipment. Finally, the economic evaluation demonstrated that the project is viable and that its implementation would provide social benefits by strengthening road safety and improving citizens perception of security.