Análisis del impacto de la ergonomía en la reducción de accidentes laborales en minería subterránea en el puesto de trabajo de rieleros

Abstract

Abstract: This thesis focuses on the application of ergonomic principles to reduce workplace accidents in underground mining, focusing specifically on the tasks performed by personnel in charge of rail installation. The main objective is to identify the ergonomic risks associated with the manual lifting of these elements and propose preventive measures that contribute to protecting the health of workers' musculoskeletal systems. The analysis used NIOSH and OWAS methods, tools that allowed us to evaluate both load handling and postures adopted during workdays. The results revealed a significant risk level, evidenced by a Lifting Index of 28.77 and postures classified as level 3, indicating an urgent need to implement corrective measures. The proposals included improving the work environment, incorporating mechanical assistance devices, and training personnel in proper load handling techniques. The research underscores the importance of integrating ergonomics into physically demanding activities to prevent accidents, improve operational performance, and protect worker health.